Friday, March 29, 2019

Energy, Science, Income Inequality, and Dragons (March 2019)


Hi friends!
When I was lying in bed at 4:30am this morning feeling very uncomfortable and wondering why I was still pregnant, I thought of many funny and clever things to write in this blog post. Unfortunately, we are t-minus 6 days overdue and counting on the arrival of baby number two, and I have forgotten all of those clever things now that I sit down to write this. Oh well. While sitting around awaiting baby’s long-delayed arrival, I’ve had the chance to read a few excellent books this month. For expectant mothers, I highly recommend repressing nesting instincts in favor of reading books to prepare for your upcoming new one.* Thanks to my sister, Shelby, and my sister-in-law, Rachel, for recommending a few of these reads.
As always, let me know if you all have any recommendations for future reading or thoughts about these books.
Happy reading!
Tonya
*This might only work if you have a wonderful husband who channels those nesting instincts and decides to do all the cleaning and organizing for you.



Showdown at Gucci Gulch by Jeffrey Birnbaum, Alan Murray
Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: For those very interested in public policy and/or tax reform
Review: This book is an in-depth case study of the legislative process that led to the Tax Reform Act of 1986. As a policy analyst, I loved reading about a time when Congress actually functioned as intended, worked with the Executive and passed a piece of sweeping, landmark legislation that incorporated many legitimate and beneficial aspects of tax reform. After reading the book, I came away with the impression that passing any piece of major legislation is nothing short of an enormous miracle. This book highlighted for me the complexity of negotiating legislation and balancing the interests of not only individual legislators and the executive, but also a vast array of special interests representing essentially every major industry in America. Hey, everyone has to pay taxes. Overall, I think the book was a little too in-depth with the authors relating every precarious step and near-derailing of the whole bill. To be honest, it made be doubt whether legislation like this could be passed again in the current political climate. Kind of a depressing take-away, but it’s kind of a depressing state of affairs when Congress is so dysfunctional that they can’t fulfill their most basic Constitutional prerogatives and pass a budget, let alone reform the overly-complex and hole-ridden tax code. Sorry to end on a downer.


Rating: ★★ / G
Recommendation: Not really
Review: I read Vaclav Smil’s Energy and Civilization last summer and really enjoyed it, but I couldn’t find much to like in this book. Smil basically shoots down every energy reform policy of the past decade and explains with myriad numbers and charts why none of them are practical or can be implemented in promised/needed time frames. After condemning all these proposals, he fails to offer any solution of his own, or even thoughts about a path forward except to effectively say that energy change takes a horrendous amount of time and there’s no way we can implement the initiatives needed to address climate change and other pressing energy needs in a timely manner. Not exactly what I was looking for in a good policy book, but I guess that might just be the state of the world.

*Sheesh, after reading the previous review and this one, you can probably tell that I’m not in a very good mood while writing this. My only justification is that I’m 10 months + pregnant and don’t feel like I’m anywhere near going into labor. I think that would put anyone in a bad mood.


The Disappearing Spoon: And Other True Tales of Madness, Love, and the History ofthe World from the Periodic Table of the Elements: Sam Kean
 Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes, for those who love science and the history of science!
Review: Elements and the study of them, have built and destroyed fortunes and kingdoms, and this book tells the intriguing, compelling, and twisting story of the periodic table and its members. It's a collection of entertaining science anecdotes all tied together by the theme of the periodic table. In its pages you’ll find stories as wide ranging as King Midas, the Manhattan project, the discovery of DNA, the extinction of dinosaurs, and the creation of the earth and universe. As elements tie together all things in the universe, it seems appropriate that this book ties together a plethora of stories and themes all under the genius and simplicity of the periodic table.


The Grid:Electrical Infrastructure for a New Era: Gretchen Bakke
 Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes, for anyone who uses electricity
Review: The GRID! The title reminded me of Tolkien’s The Ring, and to be honest, the comparison is a fair one. Like The Ring, The Grid is intrinsically linked to power and conveys an aura of mysteriousness and the unknown. Bakke pretty much describes it as a type of One Ring, and spends a good deal of the book describing all the numerous shortcomings and issues with the grid. For what might be the most important infrastructure in America, it is astounding to learn the deficiencies in its physical and organizational structure. One of the things that I liked about the book is that it talked about more than just the many technical issues with the grid. Bakke is an anthropologist by trade and focuses a lot on how people interact with the grid and the political and organizational issues that impact it. The big take-away I had from this book is that any energy reforms we would every want to implement are infeasible and incompatible with the current grid that we have. Any attempts to reform, upgrade, or modernize the great will be extremely capital intensive and involve cooperation from politicians, utilities companies, regulatory bodies, and consumers. While she doesn’t offer any concrete solutions to these problems beyond saying that everyone will have to work together, I still found this book enlightening, helpful, and even a little hopeful.


His Majesty’s Dragon: Naomi Novik
 Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes, for those who love fantasy and dragon novels
Review: I grew up reading Anne McCaffrey’s and others’ dragon rider books, so this book felt like a trip down memory lane in a lot of ways. Novik combines dragon riding with the Napoleonic Wars in this, the first of nine books in her Tameraire series. This setting makes an excellent backdrop for her to tell exciting and compelling stories that explore everything from gender and class roles in 19th century Europe to geopolitics and the laws of piracy. The story proceeds in a fairly expected manner once you understand the premise: a British Naval captain seizes a dragon egg from a captured French vessel and bonds with the hatchling, going on to join England’s Air Corp of dragon riders, tasked with protecting the island nation from Napoleon’s own fleet of dragon riders. To be honest, the human protagonist was not entirely likable from our 21st century perspectives, as Novik tries to accurately convey the gender and class sentiments of the time, sometimes in ways that seem ridiculous to our modern values, but he did loosen up as the book progressed. All in all, it was a fun, quick read, and I’ll definitely read the next one, but I’m not sure I can commit to all nine.

Winners Take All: The Elite Charade of Changing the World: Anand Giridhardas
 Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes
Review: I’m inclined to like Giridhardas book and agree with his overall message that public institutions like government need to be strengthened and improved to address the most pressing social and economic problems our country faces, especially growing inequality between rich and poor. Giridhardas points out a trend that I have also observed in my government work that since the Reagan era people have labeled government as the root of society’s problems and increasingly turned to the private sector to solve issues that have historically been in the public arena. No institution or group is above blame in this book as Giridhardas accuses elites of creating and worsening the growing inequality and economic problems that vast swathes of the American public are experiencing and then swooping in with clever solutions to slap band-aids on the problems that they created in the first place through charitable giving and the idea that they can “do well while doing good.” He asserts that rather than surrendering the solving of public issues to a private group of elites who in many cases have direct conflicts of interest in solving these problems, we should seek to restore people’s faith in public institutions like government by addressing the problems that exist there to ensure that the government actually serves the public’s interest. There’s much to argue about and disagree with in this book, but I can definitely get behind that idea.


The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind: Creating Currents of Electricity and Hope: William Kamkwamba, Bryan Mealer
 Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes
Review: I watched the movie of the same title on Netflix this month and decided to read the book to find out the real story. Actually, the movie did a fairly good job telling it, and I recommend watching that as well, but as is always true in book-to-movie adaptations, the book was better. This was another one of those books that made me appreciate … well…. books! I will never know what it’s like to grow up in rural Malawi, and I hope that neither I nor my children will ever truly know what it’s like to face starvation and famine, but through Kamkwamba’s simple and direct voice, I now have more empathy with rural Malawians and better understanding of their circumstances. Kamkwamba tells his story without dramatics or exaggeration and focuses just as much on technical details, like how he crafted from old nails and a maize husk the drill that he used to build his first windmill, as he does on the life-changing impact his miraculous invention has had on the lives of his family and his village. Following a disastrous famine in 2001, Kamkwamba builds an electricity-producing wind turbine using an old energy textbook found in his local library and scraps from a nearby junkyard. That’s right. Books rule! And so do junkyards, I guess?... I was most impressed by his curiosity and desire to learn. It helped me realize how much I take for granted my own education and the amazing access I had and continue to have to life-changing knowledge.



Everything,Everything: Nicola Yoon
 Rating: ★★ / G
Recommendation: Maybe…To those who enjoy teenage romance novels, which let's face it, is more of us than probably like to admit it. 
Review: This book follows all the typical trappings of a teenage romance novel, which I'm not going to lie I occasionally indulge in. Once you read the summary, you can fairly well predict what’s going to happen from beginning to end – yes, even that plot twist. Nevertheless, I have to admit that I enjoyed this one, though I considered it a kind of guilty pleasure. The boy was cute, the girl was clever, interesting, and it was fun to experience the world from her perspective. I think that’s about all you can ask for in this type of book.

Sunday, March 3, 2019

War, Love, Leadership Dinosaurs, and ...Octopus?! (February 2019)


Hi friends,

I enjoyed a few great nonfiction books again this month, learning about everything from the history of dinosaurs, to the psychology of octopus, to what love means. A bit of a hodge-podge of subjects but all good reads. Aren’t books great?!
I’m looking for good fiction recommendations still, and want to read something well-written, clear, and unbiased about energy policy. Let me know if you have any suggestions in those categories or others.
Special shout out to my old friend, Logan Smith, for recommending several of this month’s books! 
Happy reading,
Tonya
P.S. Note that all summaries are taken from goodreads.com.


The Art of Loving by Erich Fromm
Rating: ★★★ / G
Recommendation: Sure
Review: We need to practice love. Now that I’ve read this book this seems obvious, but it took Fromm’s well-reasoned arguments and flowing style to make me realize that love, like any other art that needs to be developed, must be practiced. I think that some people have more of a natural proclivity towards loving, but I know that this is something that I need to develop. Fromm distinguishes between different kinds of love: brotherly love, erotic love, love of self, maternal and paternal love, and God’s love. In this manner, the book reminded me of C.S. Lewis’s The Four Loves, which I also recommend. I think that these distinctions are helpful to understand how to develop the art of love, but I also think that there are probably more types of love beyond this, and I’d be interested in hearing what other categories you all think exist. There were several areas that I didn’t entirely agree with Fromm, but the largest one was his distinction between maternal and paternal love. He asserts that maternal love is unconditional but paternal love is given or withdrawn in response to good or bad behavior. In my brief experience, I’ve observed that the love my husband has for our child, soon to be children, is just as unconditional as my own. What do you think?
Summary: Most people are unable to love on the only level that truly matters: love that is compounded of maturity, self-knowledge, and courage. As with every art, love demands practice and concentration, as well as genuine insight and understanding. Erich Fromm explores love in all its aspects—not only romantic love, steeped in false conceptions and lofty expectations, but also brotherly love, erotic love, self-love, the love of God, and the love of parents for their children.



War by Sebastian Junger
Rating: ★★★★ / PG-13-R
Recommendation: Yes
Review: Combat is something that I hope to never personally experience, and reading this book made me even more grateful to those who volunteer for it. Junger was embedded on-and-off with an Army platoon in 2008 that was fighting in Afghanistan’s Korengal Valley, an area which experienced some of the most action of the war. Junger uses his great action-writing skills to bring the combat sequences to life in all their adrenaline and horror, but he also writes very compellingly about the emotional and psychological states of the soldiers he grows to know so well. One thing that has particularly stayed with me is his conclusion that love is a critical part of combat. He concludes, and I agree, that love is the only reason that men are willing to risk their lives for each other in combat, a situation that lacks any evolutionary reason to do so. Ironically, love enables war. It was especially interesting to read this after reading Fromm’s The Art of Loving, which discusses brotherly love. Brotherly love seems to be the type of love that motivates these men. If this is the case, it seems to me that the power of brotherly love is extremely underestimated and underutilized.
Summary: Junger turns his brilliant and empathetic eye to the reality of combat--the fear, the honor, and the trust among men in an extreme situation whose survival depends on their absolute commitment to one another. His on-the-ground account follows a single platoon through a 15-month tour of duty in the most dangerous outpost in Afghanistan's Korengal Valley. Through the experiences of these young men at war, he shows what it means to fight, to serve, and to face down mortal danger on a daily basis. 



Leadership: In Turbulent Times by Doris Kearns Goodwin
Rating: ★★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes
Review: I’ve listened to several of Goodwin’s big books and found them fascinating but a little too in depth and exhaustive at times, which is why I really enjoyed this book. Goodwin analyzes the leadership styles of the four presidents that she has studied in depth: Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin Roosevelt, and Lyndon Johnson. She provides great overviews of their early lives and how their leadership styles developed, and then concludes with case studies from their time as presidents. I loved learning more about each of these leaders and contrasting their very different styles. As expected, Lincoln is still my favorite. His magnanimity and brilliance are awe-inspiring, and I’m a huge fan. This book comes at an interesting time in the history of our nation, and is a great read for anyone interested in history or developing leadership skills.
Summary: In Leadership, Goodwin draws upon the four presidents she has studied most closely—Abraham Lincoln, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Lyndon B. Johnson (in civil rights)—to show how they recognized leadership qualities within themselves and were recognized as leaders by others. No common pattern describes the trajectory of leadership. Although set apart in background, abilities, and temperament, these men shared a fierce ambition and a deep-seated resilience that enabled them to surmount uncommon hardships. At their best, all four were guided by a sense of moral purpose. At moments of great challenge, they were able to summon their talents to enlarge the opportunities and lives of others.




Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes
Review: This is the second book that I’ve read about octopus, and while the first, OtherMinds by Peter Godrfey-Smith, discussed more about the biology and evolution of octopus, this one focused more on the behavior and intelligence of octopus, which I thought complemented what I’d learned in the first nicely. Turns out that octopus are pretty amazing creatures. They are highly intelligent and have unique personalities. While we usually associate intelligence in animals only with mammals like dogs, dolphins, and great apes, octopus seems to be equally if not more intelligent than these species, but have taken a completely different evolutionary path to get there. Montgomery tells a fascinating story of her own discovery of these amazing creatures and her relationships with several octopus at her local aquarium. This book definitely reinforced to me how amazing the variety of life on this wonderful planet is.
Summary: In pursuit of the wild, solitary, predatory octopus, popular naturalist Sy Montgomery has practiced true immersion journalism. From New England aquarium tanks to the reefs of French Polynesia and the Gulf of Mexico, she has befriended octopuses with strikingly different personalities—gentle Athena, assertive Octavia, curious Kali, and joyful Karma. Montgomery chronicles the growing appreciation of this mollusk as she tells a unique love story.



Rating: ★★★★ / G
Recommendation: Yes
Review: Dinosaurs!! I’m not going to lie, reading this book made me want to watch Jurassic Park , and definitely made me feel like a little kid again. It’s a simple, high-level telling of the about 200-million-year long history of dinosaurs. Brusatte does their history justice as he describes how dinosaurs grew from just one among many different types of life on earth to true dominance over their ecosystems to the epically dramatic extension that cleared the way for the rise of mammals – and humans yay!! He explains clearly and interestingly new methods of research that are illuminating even more dinosaur history as technology progresses. He sometimes diverges into semi-relevant tales of his paleontology explorations, but gratefully doesn’t wander too far or too long from the central narrative.  The best part of this book: the two entire chapters devoted to the king of dinosaurs: T-Rex!
Summary: Brusatte traces the evolution of dinosaurs from their inauspicious start as small shadow dwellers—themselves the beneficiaries of a mass extinction caused by volcanic eruptions at the beginning of the Triassic period—into the dominant array of species every wide-eyed child memorizes today, T. rex, TriceratopsBrontosaurus, and more.